Progress in Western Civ. essays

Applying the Nursing Code of Ethics to Patient Care Essay -- Nursing P

Medical caretakers have the best potential for improving a patient’s prosperity. As a calling, medical caretakers need to advance the guiding principle and code of Ethics among them. Medical attendant experts are required to comprehend and rehearse the particular information and abilities of fundamental beliefs, for example, nurture mindful, promotion, comprehensive quality and polished methodology to help the patients in their basic condition (Volp 2007a). This exposition will examine the basic beliefs of dependable nursing practice and code of morals corresponding to the youthful patient who is experiencing paraplegia. Paternalism An approach or practice of treating individuals patients in a paternal way, particularly by accommodating their needs without giving them duties. Paternalistic practices, wherein suppliers present a treatment or administration upon an individual or people without their assent, apparently by reason of their constrained self-rule or reduced limit, are far reaching in human services and in social orders the world over. Various issues encompass paternalistic practices (Cody WK). So specialists and attendants settle on choice about the treatment of patients or their customers, yet it is against the patient’s decisions or contemplations, as indicated by specialists and medical attendants, it is useful for the patient (Jones). Then again, when patient take self-ruling choice then they will get some self-hurt, thus, struggle emerges between the attendants those are working of the patient consideration and the patient’s right to independence. Much of the time, attendants and oth er clinical staff utilized the paternalistic activity to determine the issue (Jones). As per the Jones (p.379) proposed that, paternalism and self-governance as two conversely differing parameters along a range of independence’. In addition, medical caretakers and specialists made an irregularity between... ...ier, thing: A 11355240. Johnstone, M 2005, ‘Ethics and Professional practice’, in J Crisp and Taylor (eds.), Potter and Perry’s Fundamentals of Nursing, Melbourne, Australia. Path, P, O’Brien, U, Gooney, MA and Reid, T 2005, ‘The movement of comprehensive quality into postgraduate educational plans in basic consideration nursing’, Dimensions of basic consideration nursing, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 131-138, saw 6 May 2011, EBSCOhost database Academic Search Premier, thing: A 17099480. Moore C 2008, ‘A caring nurse’, Bella Online: The Voice of Women, saw 1 March 2011, http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art43027.asp Rowe, J 2005, ‘Nursing: the craft of caring’, in J Crisp and Taylor (eds.), Potter and Perry’s Fundamentals of Nursing, Brisbane, Australia. Taylor, C 2005, ‘Managing Client Care’ in J Crisp and C Taylor (eds.), Potter and Perry’s Fundamentals of Nursing, Melbourne, Australia.

Guidelines For Writing a Diagnostic Essay

Guidelines For Writing a Diagnostic EssayIt may seem counter-intuitive that you should write a diagnostic essay. You know that a diagnostic essay is written to help diagnose the problem and help to provide a solution. So why write one?Most diagnostic essays are often more focused on relieving the symptoms of anxiety and panic than providing a specific answer. They are often written in a way that is too clinical to satisfy those who want to find a real cure. While this isn't true of all anxiety disorders, it is true for many.Writing a diagnostic essay can be daunting, but there are some guidelines that can help. First, consider what your purpose for writing is. If you are trying to help others understand your anxiety and what you have gone through, then the best thing to do is to keep it personal.Many people try to do this in a way that is impersonal, but this does not work either. The goal should be a better understanding of the symptoms so that they can better treat the condition. F or this reason, even if your objective is to help diagnose an anxiety disorder, you should not try to tell other people what they should do.Consider that most people have already been exposed to information about anxiety and know how to deal with it without writing an essay. A diagnostic essay is meant to provide specific information that they need to treat the symptoms, not prescribe a cure. Your objective is to help the sufferer to understand their anxiety and what they can do to treat it.Another guideline to follow when writing an essay about your condition is to keep it conversational. Keep your tone and words light and simple. Avoid jargon or complex scientific terminology.Also, choose a topic that will encourage discussion. You don't have to talk about the symptoms, but rather include them in a discussion that you are leading. Doing this can help you gain insight into the way other people experience anxiety and how they have managed to do things differently.Writing a diagnosti c essay can be daunting, but using these guidelines can help you do it the right way. This article was written with the assumption that the essay is about helping someone understand their symptoms and working toward their own success.

Essay about Gender and Gender Inequality - 2068 Words

Gender and Gender Inequality Gender, what is gender? Where does it come from? How long has it existed? These are all very good question and questions that are asked a lot in today’s modern society. Most people think of gender as the physical features of a man and a woman, but it is not just physical features that define gender. There are obvious biological differences between a man and a woman, but is that what gender is defined by? There are many different theories on gender and how it is defined. How is gender inequality present in today’s world? Gender vs. Sex these two things are some of the most commonly misunderstood concepts. According to James M. Henslin the author of the book Essentials of Sociology A Down-to-Earth Approach,†¦show more content†¦It is known that males have more testosterone produced in their bodies and females have more estrogen produced in their bodies. Is this what causes males to be more aggressive and females to be more nurturing and submissive? There was a study which was called The Vietnam Veterans Study. This study was on males and their levels of testosterone. According to James M. Henslin, in 1985 the U.S. government began a health study of Vietnam veterans. To be certain that the study was representative; the researchers chose a random sample of 4,462 men. They collected testosterone measurements from each of the participating individuals. This study showed evidence that when the veterans with higher testosterone levels were boys, they were more likely to get in trouble with parents and teachers and to become delinquents. As adults they were more likely to use hard drugs, to get into fights, to end up in lower-status jobs, and to have more sexual partners. This study make it sound like biology is a basis for behavior, but this is where something known as social class comes into play. The researchers compared high-testosterone men from higher and lower social classes and found that the men from lower social classes were more likely to get in trouble with the law, do poorly in school, and mistreat their wives. So as it was stated up above, gender consists of whatever behaviors and attitudes a group considers is proper forShow MoreRelatedGender Equality And Gender Inequality979 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout the past few decades, the gender inequality discourse have became a dominant feature of international, national and local policy debate on the subject of economic development. This policy concern has emerged as an area of scholarly research which seeks to show that improving gender equity leads to economic growth. Gender Inequality in Australia: According to the data published by Australian Bureau of Statistics in May 2015, the full time average earnings of women is $284.20 or 17.9%Read MoreGender Inequality Within The World1088 Words   |  5 PagesToday most children in the United States attend classes where gender equality exists. Students have classes in which both boys and girls are treated equally and are friends with one another and that is all that they have ever known. However, this is not always the case in every country. As of 2015, 53% of the children who are not attending school throughout the world are female (11 Facts About...). Gender inequality is an important issue that needs to be focused on and fixed throughout the worldRead MoreEffect of Gender Inequality on Economic Status1324 Words   |  5 Pagesand their empowerment has always been one of controversy. Even though the United States and many other countries have made great strides in gender equality, men and women are still not equal. Although this p roblem is beginning to disappear in many countries, it was once much more significant. The United States, a country with one of the world’s smallest gender gaps, used to be one of its worst offenders. Prior to World War 2, women were rarely seen in the workforce with minor exceptions. As a resultRead MoreThe Correlation between Poverty and Gender Inequality1211 Words   |  5 Pages Topic: Poverty and Inequality Key Question: To what extent do poverty and gender inequality affect each other? INTRODUCTION: Gender equality, women’s empowerment and good standard of living (financial stability) are important in their own rights. Today gender inequality is not only a cause of women’s poverty but also a barrier to tackling general poverty.Gender inequality impacts on whether women can benefit from development. Unequal distributionRead MoreGender Inequality : Women s Empowerment2907 Words   |  12 PagesINTRODUCTION Gender determines the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a society deems appropriate based on one’s gender identification. Being a man or woman shapes one’s roles in society, whether in the labor market or among a family. These roles are dynamic and vary by society. Gender inequality can exist when gender roles support established injustices between men and women. Women are more susceptible to and are disproportionately affected by such inequalities (1). ToRead MoreEssay Changing Perspective on Gender Inequalities in Schools678 Words   |  3 PagesChanging Perspective on Gender Inequalities in Schools Gender equality is a broad topic with many different angles that can be examined. For my part in this project I chose to research the changing perspective on gender inequalities in schools. I wanted to find out what people really felt about the fairness of their education, and whether they really felt they had been shortchanged in the learning process because of their sex. My results were generally what I had expected to find, thoughRead MoreAnalysis of Relationship Between Modes of Production and Gender Inequality1320 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Relationship Between Modes of Production and Gender Inequality Amongst societies, there is a great variety of means of survival, all of which are dependent upon factors influencing the community—geographical location and structure of authority, to name a few. Such factors and the community’s ways of survival create the underlying basis of other complex issues, including the relationship between the sexes. Many anthropological papers that concentrate on the modes of production of specificRead MoreGender Inequality : An Ordinal Hierarchy Between Men And Women2498 Words   |  10 PagesGender equality has always been a prominent and complex subject in society, ‘a hotly contested concept [as] the precise meaning remains subject to continuous change and, as a result, to political struggle’, (Ridgeway, 2011: Preface). Ridgeway (2011: 3) defines gender inequality as ‘an ordinal hierarchy between men and women in material resources, power, and status’. Despite the considerable progress that has been made over the past decades, ‘a pattern of gender hierarchy has remained in which menRead MoreTackling Gender Inequality Raising Pupil Achievement By Christine Forde1426 Words   |  6 PagesIn a society that claims to strive for gender-equality, would it be possible to apply measures in order to put to an end the mutual exclusion created by both genders from a young age? In her book Tackling Gender Inequality Raising Pupil Achievement, Christine Forde analyzes and critiques the policy and strategies implemented to tackle gender inequality. Forde’s work is still relevant to today’s society as it deals with issues such as the ‘underachievement’ of boys making it a perfect text to studyRead MoreGender Inequality And The Corporate World : How Do You Feel About Women Holding Higher Positions Within Corporations?1516 Words   |  7 PagesGender Inequality in the Corporate World How do you feel about women holding higher positions within corporations? In today’s society, there are several inequalities between women and men. These inequalities between women and men have been around since the beginning of time and will always be a factor. Gender inequality can be seen in many different ways across our society today. One major area that this inequality can be seen is in the workforce. There are many women who have jobs in today’s

Buddhism And The Poetry Of Jac Essay - 2124 Words

Buddhism and the Poetry of Jack Kerouac For we all go back where we came from, Godamp;#8217;s Lit Brain, his Transcendent Eye of Wisdom And thereamp;#8217;s your bloody circle called Samsara by the ignorant Buddhists, who will still be funny Masters up there, bless em. Jack Kerouac -from Heaven nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Jack Kerouac spent his creative years writing in a prosperous post world war II America. He was in many ways a very patriotic person who had no problem making known his love for his country , particularly within his literature. It was, quite literally, America that he was in love with. Taking cues from writers such as Whitman, he embraced the American landscape as a field for spiritual cultivation. Kerouac was†¦show more content†¦Kerouac was a devoted student of the Buddhist way and would often impress his peers with his knowledge of the Sutras and other Buddhist texts and ideas. This is particularly interesting when it is considered that these peers were other students of Buddhism such as Gary Snyder or even Philip Whalen, who is an ordained Zen monk. In fact, Kerouac was so immersed in Buddhist thought that in 1956 he completed the manuscript to what would become a 420 page book titled Some Of The Dharma, which was a collection of notes and though ts on various ideas taken from the Sutras. Included also were numerous poems and prose poems, which were attempts to transliterate the ancient wisdom of Buddhism into a modern context, applicable to the western intellectual and spiritual journeyman. Some of the Dharma was to be a study guide for the beginning practice of Kerouacamp;#8217;s good friend and companion Allen Ginsberg. While Kerouac was writing what was perhaps his best and certainly one of his most spiritually driven novels, Desolation Angels, he was also writing a poem to accompany the novel which was titled Desolation Blues. Although written after Kerouac was no longer up on Desolation Peak serving as a fire lookout in the Sierra Nevada mountain range, it was a reflection upon the many contemplations provoked by the solitude and serenity of the time he spent alone atop the mountain. From the opening line he has recognized an inherently Buddhist view of the world

Noise Control in Supersonic Aircraft

Question: Discuss about theNoise Control in Supersonic Aircraft. Answer: Introduction Concorde Supersonic aircraft is one of the modified version of the aircrafts that provides facilitates from different perspectives in comparison with other aircrafts in the marketplace. In addition to this though it is one of the most effective technologies it stills involves so many threats and opportunities (Hafsteinsson 2014). These are mainly focused in this report. Threats within the System: Concorde Supersonic aircraft provides so many facilities if the technological advancement is considered, but the noise generated by this aircrafts have several disadvantages over the target market of these technological advancements (Morris et al. 2014). These threats are contrasted with the background of the target markets. Following are the considered threats of the Concorde supersonic aircrafts: Stiff competition from the domestic and international marketplace: In case of the noises reduction facilities provided by several international organizations like Airbus, Bombardier etc. they provide better strategies to reduce the involved noise within the system of aircraft (West IV et al. 2014). In the concerned case study noise generated from the Concorde Supersonic aircraft is reduced with the help of the LES but there are other facilities that are provided by several companies that reduces the chance of noise generation. High maintenance cost: LES includes high maintenance cost in case of the Concorde supersonic aircraft. This increases the chance of earning revenues in the competitive market. So in contrast with the case study related to supersonic aircraft noise revenues are dropped due to the expense involved in the system. Opportunities within the System: Growing demands: A Concorde Supersonic jet involves a huge amount of noise but there are chances to reduce it with the help of the technological advancements (Yoshida et al. 2015). Therefore, in case of the involvement off the market in this case study, it is found that the growths of demands of the supersonic aircrafts are on higher priority than their disadvantages. Strong demands of defense products: Concorde Supersonic jets are mainly used for the defense purpose in any country. As the demands of the defense system are increasing the chances for market penetration related to use of supersonic jets are increasing (Hafsteinsson 2014). Though the system involves huge noise but still it has great demand. Net Present Value and Future Value Cost benefit analysis Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Net economic benefit $0 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 $50,000 One time cost $90,000 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Recurring cost $0 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 $30,000 Net cash flow $90,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 Discount factors Discount rate 10% Year Index 0 1 2 3 4 5 Discount factor 1 0.909090909 0.826446281 0.751314801 0.683013455 0.620921323 Discounted flows Cost $90,000 $27,273 $24,793 $22,539 $20,490 $18,628 Benefit $0 $45,455 $41,322 $37,566 $34,151 $31,046 Net $90,000 $72,727 $66,116 $60,105 $54,641 $49,674 Cummulative $90,000 $162,727 $228,843 $288,948 $343,589 $393,263 Net present value $303,262.94 Conclusion This case study is providing the threats and opportunities related to the reduction of noise involved in the Concorde supersonic jets. It has helped in understanding the future aspects of Concorde supersonic aircrafts in global market positioning. References Hafsteinsson, H. 2014.Study of Supersonic Jet Noise Reduction using LES. https://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/203594/203594.pdf. Morris, C.C., Allison, D.L., Schetz, J.A., Kapania, R.K. and Sultan, C., 2014. Parametric geometry model for design studies of tailless supersonic aircraft.Journal of Aircraft,51(5), pp.1455-1466. West IV, T.K., Reuter, B.W., Walker, E.L., Kleb, B. and Park, M.A., 2014, June. Uncertainty Quantification and Certification Prediction of Low-Boom Supersonic Aircraft Configurations. In32nd AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference(pp. 2014-2139). Yoshida, K., Matsushima, K., Ueda, Y. and Ishikawa, H., 2015. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency.Method for designing a natural laminar flow wing of a supersonic aircraft. U.S. Patent 9,031,817.

Spiritual Leadership Model Essay Example

Spiritual Leadership Model Essay When thinking of spiritual leadership, the assumption should be: it must be biblical or must pass the biblical criteria for it to be called true spiritual leadership. Spiritual leadership has taken a lot of changes and forms after the time of the apostles and their first disciples. So many and varied are the leadership styles of many spiritual leaders today that one can be easily confused as to what type of leadership is acceptable and right. Another thing is the sweeping categorizing of â€Å"leadership† that it has now become a norm that when anybody speaks of leadership, the person is presumed to be speaking about leadership in whatever organizations. There are no differences and the issue is generalized. Leadership is leadership regardless of what kind of group one is leading; hence, the same strategies and methods of management apply to any roles that fall under the heading â€Å"leadership† may it be corporate or clerical. Biblical principles of leadership when ap plied to the corporate world might – in all likelihood – help and improve an institution, while business management principles taken from a totally secular point of views will not contribute a lasting effect which is, in the first place, the normal effect of true spiritual leadership.If, on the other hand, a merger of these two styles has been reached and is espoused, it attracts a huge audience and market. The present popularity of self-help tools and conferences that cater to the cravings of the masses for â€Å"instant formulas† that will assist and promote personal discipline and success is proof enough that points to the reality that if only personal and corporate success can be woven into few easy simple steps, a great mass of people will buy into it provided the guarantee is when they leave, they will take with them the promised simplified solutions to life’s many puzzles. People who are getting tired of long processes and are becoming convinced th at â€Å"spiritual leadership† is no different than any other kind of leadership are the most prone and easy market to authors and speakers who have come up with some â€Å"cleverly devised fables† on spiritual leadership. This paper, as in other papers that try to teach and inspire those who aspire for and are currently in positions of spiritual leadership, is prepared not to make the work appear more difficult that it is, but to outline the time-tested and proven Biblical principles.Definition of TermsTo say that a particular leadership is â€Å"spiritual,† is to make it its own kind. It should not be mistaken or confused with other kinds of leadership. As defined by J. Oswald Sanders, a wide gap exists between how the world defines and understands leadership in general, and how it is perceived by those whose work is spiritual leadership. While the world see leadership as something to covet because of the prestige and the power that comes along with it, those who serve as ministers over Christ’s churches view it – or rather should see it – as a work that if there’s any reward to it to be expected, it is the work of service itself. True spiritual leaders, serve. â€Å"The true spiritual leader is focused on the service he and she can render to God and other people, not on the residuals and perks of high office or holy title† (Sanders, p. 15). Taking leadership principles from the life of Jesus himself, Sanders clarify that to be effective as spiritual leader, one has to be â€Å"authoritative, spiritual, and sacrificial† (Sanders, p.18). A leader’s spirituality is one primary requisite because of the nature of the work. â€Å"To be a leader in the church has always required strength and faith beyond the merely human† (Sanders, p.18). If the one who holds the position of spiritual leadership is himself not spiritual, he is already disqualified; â€Å"because without a strong relation ship to God, even the most attractive and competent person cannot lead people to God† (Sanders, p.18)).Personal Model of Spiritual Leadership: Leadership in the Covey and Sanders’ TraditionFirstly, Stephen Covey has been very prominent on a worldwide scale. His concepts have been known to have crept into almost every crook and cranny of the corporate world here and abroad. This is most especially attributable to the fact that his â€Å"Seven habits of highly successful people† spread his concepts in its publication in 1989, and it sold more than 15 million copies throughout the world. He promoted values, the internal governing forces, instead of confusing with the externally influential principles from which these values are to be endeavored to bring into line.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The habits are those that are developed from the ascendance of values that operate within an individual. According to Covey, highly successful people are those that have the de veloped necessary or needed habits that had been inculcated out of the correct values. He calls these habits as â€Å"the seven habits of highly effective people† which became itself the very title of his best-selling book. He said, â€Å"Effectiveness, in other words, is a habit.†What are these seven habits? As laid down by Covey (1989), these are:Habit 1: Be Proactive: Principles of Personal VisionHabit 2: Begin with the End in Mind: Principles of Personal LeadershipHabit 3: Put First Things First: Principles of Personal ManagementHabit 4: Think Win/Win: Principles of Interpersonal LeadershipHabit 5: Seek First to Understand, Then to be Understood: Principles of Empathetic   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   CommunicationHabit 6: Synergize: Principles of Creative CommunicationHabit 7: Sharpen the Saw: Principles of Balanced Self-RenewalThe habits that Stephen Covey has developed in his book are not only habits that good spiritual leaders develop, but traits which can be said as already possessed by spiritual leaders. They might be traits that are not fully developed yet in some ministers, nevertheless, in some measure, they are already there and can be expected of a spiritual leader. For example, a leader must be an initiator. Being one that is mandated to â€Å"go† and to â€Å"make disciples† by the Lord definitely needs to be someone who makes initiative. Hence, to be proactive as suggested by Covey is presumed to be one of the characteristics of a good spiritual leader. A minister of God does things with the end in his mind because he understands that one of his main objectives is to make the people he is leading Christ’s disciples. And so from habit one to habit seven, a lot of biblical principles can be used to back all of them up.Secondly, in the classic book entitled simply Spiritual Leadership, J. Oswald Sanders defined the word â€Å"sp iritual† as follows: â€Å"Spirituality is not easy to define but its presence or absence is easily discerned. . . it is the power to change the atmosphere by one’s presence, the unconscious influence that makes Christ and spiritual things real to others.† The principles that Sanders has laid down in his book were all taken from the Holy Scriptures. He extracted from the leadership principles of Jesus, from the qualifications that Apostle Paul had pointed out to Timothy as guiding criteria in appointing leaders at Ephesus, and as well as insights from Apostle Peter’s letter regarding leadership. The necessary qualities of effective leadership are thus plenty. However, drawing from the insights of Sanders’ book, here are some of the biblical models/traits on spiritual leadership which are still binding and musts for spiritual leadership today:1.) A sense of calling.Before any traits, there has to be an element which is beyond and outside every leader that he cannot secure for himself regardless of what he or others might do to secure this position of leadership. As Jesus has revealed to brothers James and John: â€Å"To sit at My right or left is not for Me to grant. These places belong to those for whom they have been prepared† (Mark 10:40). In other words, spiritual ministry and leadership are works that God is reserving only for those whom He has called for the job. Though training is important to prepare one’s self for the ministry, mere academic degree in theology or charismatic personality will not qualify a person to spiritual leadership, as important as those credentials are. One has to be first and foremost 100 percent sure that God is calling him/her in this specific life work.2.) Moral and mental qualifications (spiritual maturity).Of all the professions one can prepare himself beforehand in terms of skills and expertise, it is only in the Lord’s work that moral integrity is absolutely required. Anybody may claim and prove in terms of adeptness in speech, social relations, or management ability, that he is indeed a minister, but if in moral issues he barely meets the standards, he cannot pass for biblical leadership. In what many call â€Å"secular† professions like, for example, teaching career or engineering professions; if a man is a skilled engineer, even if he has failed his wife as a husband for committing adultery with another woman, he can still retain his work and function as a good engineer. The same with an excellent teacher; he can still teach and retain his post even when in some point of his teaching career, he has committed a moral blunder. Not so among people in spiritual leadership work. One breach of integrity and one’s career in this spiritual work is almost finish. It’s as if putting a period upon a life-time’s work. â€Å"Faithfulness to one marriage partner is the biblical norm† (Sanders). Moral qualifications have to be met, in order to be an effective spiritual leader. Mental fitness is also required along with moral excellence. â€Å"This principle describes the well-balanced state of mind resulting from habitual self-restraint – the inner character that comes from daily self-discipline† (Sanders).3.)   Willingness to face the challenge.If in the world, it is common to aspire for positions of leadership merely for the rewards or promises it entails, in spiritual leadership, though aspirations for it is not discouraged, nevertheless, it must be pursued by those whose understanding of leadership is right and whose motives are truly for the glory of God. According to Sanders, (p.15) the word â€Å"ambition† suggests from its Latin root, â€Å"a variety of elements: social visibility, popularity, peer recognition, the exercise of authority over others.† This kind of ambition has no place in the hearts of those in spiritual leadership. The reason is, the nature of the work promises no instant fleshly gratification. In fact, in the New Testament, most of the rewards lie in the future. Imagine the dynamic that drives the apostles in their ministries. It was the prospect of the eternal rewards which they would receive ultimately when they have accomplished their life’s callings.Summary and ConclusionsMy personal pattern or model that spiritual leaders must possess is a replica of the ideal that is exemplified in the life of Jesus Christ, and imitated by His apostles.   Sanders was able to capture many of these characteristics in his book. The sacredness and solemnity of the task should be instilled in the minds of those who feel they are called to the ministry for they are not facing an ordinary work which will require only human capabilities.The seriousness of the responsibility of spiritual leadership is best summarized in the two main principles espoused by Sanders: 1.) The sovereignty of spiritual leadership and, 2.)The suffering of sp iritual leadership (pp. 22-23). The Lord Jesus stated this in Mark 10:40 and Mark 10:38 respectively, that the call is first and foremost an appointed one, i.e., in the sovereignty of God. In order for true motives for service in His kingdom to be confirmed, the second principle – suffering of spiritual leadership must be borne into the minds of those aspiring for leadership. Since there is no pleasantness in the idea of sufferings, definitely, those who are considering and will eventually enter the realm of spiritual leadership are those whose hearts have been purged of wrong perceptions of leadership. The Lord showed these things in His life, suffering, and death before His eventual resurrection. No illusions there at all. Suffering will come and those who truly heard and heeded the call, will be those who have the grace to sustain and to withstand all forms of suffering connected to spiritual leadership. May the real leaders or servants rise to the occasion and challenges of the day.